Síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes de medicina: efecto de las emociones, variables sociodemográficas y académicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesp.7101Palabras clave:
síndrome de burnout, estudiantes, curso de medicina, salud mentalResumen
El Síndrome de Burnout (SB) en estudiantes se caracteriza como una respuesta a estresores crónicos vinculados a el papel y las actividades presentes en el contexto académico, los cuales ocasionan graves daños a la salud física y mental y al rendimiento académico. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar el poder predictivo de variables demográficas, académicas, demanda emocional, disonancia emocional y empatía de los pacientes respecto al Síndrome de Burnout en una muestra no probabilística de 85 estudiantes de medicina. Los participantes completaron un cuestionario en línea que contenía un cuestionario de datos demográficos y académicos, la Escala de agotamiento del estudiante universitario, la Escala de demanda emocional y disonancia emocional, y la Escala de empatía médica de Jefferson. Los resultados, obtenidos a través del análisis de regresión lineal múltiple, revelaron como predictoras las variables de género femenino, cursar semestres más distantes al término de la carrera, y mayores exigencias y mayor disonancia emocional. Los resultados indican la importancia de las intervenciones, por parte de las instituciones de enseñanza universitaria, dirigidas al desarrollo de habilidades y estrategias socioemocionales para la regulación de las emociones y la creación de un ambiente de enseñanza que proporcione libertad e individualidad para las manifestaciones de las emociones, con el fin de formar profesionales con mayor capacidad para interpretar adecuadamente sus emociones y las de sus pacientes.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Fernanda Bittencourt Romeiro, Mary Sandra Carlotto, Priscila Goergen Brust-Renck
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