Una investigación sobre la conciencia metacognitiva subjetiva y la precisión del monitoreo absoluto objetivo entre estudiantes universitarios de China, Colombia, España y EE. UU.: El papel de la cultura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesp.7303Palabras clave:
Precisión Absoluta de Monitoreo, Cultura, metacognición, Inventario de Conciencia Metacognitiva, Aprendizaje autorreguladoResumen
La metacognición se entiende como el conocimiento y la regulación de la propia actividad cognitiva que se ocupa de la propia agencia sobre los procesos mentales de manera consciente y deliberada. No obstante, el papel que juega la cultura en las experiencias de metacognición y conciencia metacognitiva de los individuos no se comprende bien. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio exploró la influencia de la cultura en la conciencia metacognitiva del autoinforme (a través del Inventario de conciencia metacognitiva) y la precisión objetiva absoluta del monitoreo metacognitivo (i.e., una comparación de la confianza de los individuos en sus juicios de desempeño con el desempeño real) en tres dominios académicos (vocabulario, probabilidades y plegado de papel [evalúa el razonamiento visoespacial]) en una muestra de 366 estudiantes universitarios de cuatro países (China, Colombia, España y EE.UU.). Los resultados revelaron que la conciencia metacognitiva no es un constructo universalmente conceptualizado. Los patrones de correlación no solo fueron distintos entre culturas, sino que también se presentaron diferencias significativas entre las cuatro culturas tanto en un análisis más detallado como en uno más general. Además, los resultados de la precisión del monitoreo absoluto objetivo indicaron que, en contradicción con los hallazgos del autoinforme, los participantes de la muestra china exhibieron una precisión del monitoreo absoluto significativamente más pobre en vocabulario y plegado de papel, pero que los participantes de los cuatro países manifestaron una precisión del monitoreo absoluto similar en un tarea de probabilidades. Estos hallazgos tienen profundas repercusiones sobre cómo la cultura influye en la teoría, la investigación aplicada, la medición y la práctica con respecto a la conciencia metacognitiva y la precisión absoluta del monitoreo metacognitivo.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Antonio Gutierrez de Blume, Ying Wang, Hongcui Du, Diana Marcela Montoya Londoño
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Revista CES Psicología ISSN 2011 3080
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