Ansiedad ante exámenes y regulación emocional en estudiantes universitarios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesp.7760Palavras-chave:
Ansiedad ante exámenes, regulación emocional, estudiantes universitarios, etapas de cursada, reevaluación cognitiva, supresión expresivaResumo
La ansiedad ante los exámenes (AE) se caracteriza por un conjunto de respuestas fenomenológicas, fisiológicas y conductuales asociadas a la preocupación acerca de las posibles consecuencias negativas de una situación evaluativa. Los niveles elevados de AE se asocian negativamente con el desempeño en distintas medidas de rendimiento académico, con la autoestima, la dificultad percibida ante los exámenes, elevados niveles de neuroticismo y déficits en la regulación emocional (RE), y afectan a entre un 10% y un 40% de los estudiantes. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general evaluar la AE y la RE en 347 estudiantes, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 63 años (M = 27.18; DE = 8.81), de distintas etapas de la carrera de Psicología. Los resultados mostraron que la reevaluación cognitiva, que implica reinterpretar situaciones para cambiar las respuestas emocionales, se asocia negativamente con la AE, mientras que la supresión expresiva, que implica inhibir las respuestas emocionales, se asocia positivamente con la AE. Los estudiantes en etapas avanzadas de la carrera (Ciclo de Formación Profesional) mostraron menores niveles de AE en comparación con los de etapas iniciales e intermedias (Ciclo Básico Común – UBA XXI, y Ciclo de Formación General). La interacción entre el nivel académico y las estrategias de RE no mostró un efecto significativo en la AE. Estos resultados destacan la importancia de la RE, así como de la exposición y la práctica en situaciones evaluativas, para el manejo de la AE.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Leandro Crisólogo Gimeno, Felipe Alejandro Cultraro, Nicolás Alejandro Vizioli
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Revista CES Psicología ISSN 2011 3080
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad CES Primera edición 2008. Última actualización Mayo 29 de 2024. Todos los derechos reservados. Hecho el depósito legal que exige la ley.
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