Study of in vitro fermentation kinetics of mixtures of forages from intensive silvopastoral systems (SSPI) with Leucaena leucocephala in Colombia
Abstract
A study of the in vitro fermentation dynamics of the forages star grass (Cynodon plectostachyus; E), Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus; G) and Leucaena leucocephala (L), available in intensive silvopastoral systems (ISS) was carried out. Samples of these forages were harvested in ISS set in tropical dry forest in the Valle del Cauca, Colombia. With these forages, ten mixes or different treatments were generated: E100, G100, L100, E33G66, E66G33, L33E66, L66E33, L33G66, L66G33 and L33E33G33. The shorter lag phase was observed with L100 (7.02 h) and E33G66 (7.11 h), lower (α= 0.05) than that of L33E66 (10.22 h) and G100 (9.85 h). The maximum production of gas (a) ranged between 97.34 and 253 ml/ g substrate for L100 and G100, respectively. The lowest HIP value was obtained with L100 (23.3 hours) and the gas accumulated to that point was 35.08 ml, which coincides with the lower value. The treatments that most accumulated gas were the grasses alone or their mixtures and those with the least accumulated gas included leucaena. Regarding FP, after 24 hours of incubation, the greater values occurred with L100 and mixtures that included leucaena. It is concluded that the inclusion of Leucaena was associated with decreases in the lag phase time and maximum gas production rates and with high values of FP, characteristics that may be associated with more efficient fermentation processes.Downloads
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References
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Baba ASH, Castro FB, Ørskov ER. 2002. Partitioning of energy and degradability of browse plants in vitro and the implications of blocking the effects of tannin by the addition of polyethylene glycol. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 95: 93-104. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00283-8
Barahona Rosales R, Sánchez Pinzon MS. 2005. Limitaciones físicas y químicas de la digestibilidad de pastos tropicales y estrategias para aumentarla. Rev CORPOICA - Ciencia Tecnol Agropec. 6(1):69–82. http://revista.corpoica.org.co/index.php/revista/article/view/39
Barahona R, Lascano CE, Narvaez N, Owen E, Morris P, Theodorou MK. In vitro degradability of mature and immature leaves of tropical forage legumes differing in condensed tannin and non-starch polysaccharide content and composition. J Sci Food Agric 2003; 83: 1256–1266. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.1534
Barahona R, Sánchez S, Lascano CE, Owen E, Morris P, Theodorou MK. 2006. Effect of condensed tannins from tropical legumes on the activity of fibrolytic enzymes from the rumen fungus Neocallimastyx hurleyensis. Enz Microb Technol. 39(2):281–288. DOI:10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.10.011
Beever DE, Mould FL. 2000. Forage Evaluation for Efficient Ruminant Livestock Production. En: Forage Evaluation in ruminant nutrition. CABI Publishing. Wallingford, UK. p. 15–42. http://www.cabi.org/bookshop/book/9780851993447
Blümmel M, Aiple KP, Steingass H, Becker K. 1999. A note on the stoichiometrical relationship of short chain fatty acid production and gas evolution in vitro in feedstuffs of widely differing quality. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 81:157–167. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0396.1999.813205.x
Blümmel M, Steingass H, Becker K. 1994. The partitioning of in vitro fermentation products and its bearing for the prediction of voluntary feed intake. Proc Soc Nutr Physiol. 3:123–127.
Blümmel M, Steingass H, Becker K. 1997. The relationship between in vitro gas production, in vitro microbial biomass and N-15 incorporation and its implications for the prediction of voluntary feed intake of roughages. Br J Nutr. 77:911-921. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/BJN19970089
Cuartas CA, Naranjo JF, Tarazona AM, Murgueitio E, Chará JD, Ku J, Solorio FJ, X Flores MX, Solorio B, Barahona R. 2014. Contribution of intensive silvopastoral systems to the adaptation and mitigation of climate change. Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu. 27:76-94. http://rccp.udea.edu.co/index.php/ojs/article/view/920
Cuartas-Cardona CA, Naranjo-Ramírez JF, Tarazona-Morales AM, Barahona-Rosales R, Rivera JE, Arenas F, Correa G. 2015. Cinética de fermentación in vitro de dietas de sistemas silvopastoriles intensivos. Rev Zoot Trop. 33(3): En prensa.
Fondevila M, Nogueira-Filho JC, Urdaneta AB. 2002. In vitro microbial fermentation and protein utilisation of tropical forage legumes grown during the dry season. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 95:1-14. DOI:10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00315-7
Gaviria X, Naranjo JF, Barahona R. 2015a. Cinética de fermentación in vitro de Leucaena leucocephala y Megathyrsus maximus y sus mezclas, con o sin suplementación energética. Pastos y Forrajes. 38(1):55-63. http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/pyf/v38n1/pyf06115.pdf
Gaviria X, Rivera JE, Barahona R. 2015b. Calidad nutricional y fraccionamiento de carbohidratos y proteína en los componentes forrajeros de un sistema silvopastoril intensivo. Pastos y Forrajes. 38(2):194-201. http://payfo.ihatuey.cu/index.php/pasto/article/view/1838/2667
Gaviria-Uribe X, Naranjo-Ramirez JF, Bolivar-Vergara DM, Barahona-Rosales R. 2015. Consumo y digestibilidad en novillos cebuinos en un sistema silvopastoril intensivo. Arch Zoot, 64(245):21-27. http://www.uco.es/organiza/servicios/publica/az/az.htm
Hungate R. 1966. Rumen and its Microbes. Academic Press, New York, USA, 533 pp.
Hyams DG. 2013. CurveExpert Professional Documentation Release 2.0.0 195 p.
Juárez-Lagunes FI, Fox DG, Blake RW, Pell AN. 1999. Evaluation of tropical grasses for milk production by dual-purpose cows in tropical Mexico. J Dairy Sci. 82(10):2136-2145. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75457-3
Lavrenčič A, Mills CR, Stefanon B. 1998. Application of the Gompertz model to describe the fermentation characteristics of chemical components in forages. Anim Sci. 66:155-161. DOI: 10.1017/S1357729800008924
Leng RA. 1990. Factors affecting the utilization of “poor-quality” forages by ruminants particularly under tropical conditions. Nutr Res Reviews. 3(1):277–303. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/NRR19900016
Makkar HPS. 2000. Applications of the in vitro gas method in the evaluation of feed resources, and enhancement of nutritional value of tannin-rich tree/browse leaves and agro-industrial by-products. Proceedings Meeting IAEA Technical Cooperation Regional AFRA Project. Cairo, Egypt, pp. 23- 40.
Makkar HPS, Blümmel M, Becker K. 1998a. Application of an in vitro gas method to understand the effects of natural plant products on availability and partitioning of nutrients. En: ER Deaville, E Owen, AT Adesogan, C Rymer, JA Huntington, TLJ Lawrence (Eds.) In Vitro Techniques for Measuring Nutrient Supply to Ruminants, BSAS Occasional Publication No. 22:147- 150.
Makkar HPS, Sen S, Blümmel M, Becker K. 1998b. Effects of fractions containing saponins from Yucca schidigera, Quillaja saponaria and Acacia auriculoformis on rumen fermentation. J Agric Food Chem. 46:4324- 4328. DOI: 10.1021/jf980269q
Mbugua DM, Kiruiro EM, Pell AN. 2008. In vitro fermentation of intact and fractionated tropical herbaceous and tree legumes containing tannins and alkaloids. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 146:1–20. DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.11.008
Molina IC, Angarita EA, Mayorga OL, Chará J, Barahona-Rosales, R. 2016. Effect of Leucaena leucocephala on methane production of Lucerna heifers fed a diet based on Cynodon plectostachyus. Livest Sci. 185:24-29.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2016.01.009.
Molina IC, Cantet JM, Montoya S, Correa GA, Barahona R. 2013. Producción de metano in vitro de dos gramíneas tropicales solas y mezcladas con Leucaena leucocephala o Gliricidia sepium. Rev CES Med Vet Zoot. 8: 15-31. http://revistas.ces.edu.co/index.php/mvz/article/view/2677
Murgueitio Restrepo E, Chará Orozco JD, Barahona Rosales R, Cuartas Cardona CA, Naranjo Ramírez JF. 2014. Intensive silvopastoral systems (ISPS). Mitigation and adaptation tool to climate change. Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst. 17(3) 501-507. http://www.veterinaria.uady.mx/ojs/index.php/TSA/article/view/1558
Naranjo JF, Cuartas CA, Murgueitio ER, Chará JD, Barahona R. 2012. Balance de gases de efecto invernadero en sistemas silvopastoriles intensivos con Leucaena leucocephala en Colombia. Livest Res Rural Dev. 24 (8):150. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd24/8/nara24150.htm
Ngamsaeng A, Wanapat M, Khampa S. 2006. Evaluation of local tropical plants by in vitro rumen fermentation and their effects on fermentation end-products. Pakistan J Nutr. 5: 414–418. http://www.pjbs.org/pjnonline/ab525.htm
Rodríguez R, Fondevila M, Castrillo C. 2009. In vitro ruminal fermentation of Pennisetum purpureum CT-115 supplemented with four tropical browse legume species. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 151: 65–74. DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.11.005
Rodríguez R, Mota M, Castrillo C, Fondevila M. 2010. In vitro rumen fermentation of the tropical grass Pennisetum purpureum and mixtures with browse legumes: effects of tannin contents. J Anim Phys Anim Nutr. 94:696-705. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01001.x
SAS. 2001. SAS/STAT: Guide for personal computer. Versión 8.2. SAS Inst., Cary, NY, USA.
Theodorou MK, Williams BA, Dhanoa MS, McAllan ADB, France JA. 1994. Simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 48:185–197. DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(94)90171-6.
Baba ASH, Castro FB, Ørskov ER. 2002. Partitioning of energy and degradability of browse plants in vitro and the implications of blocking the effects of tannin by the addition of polyethylene glycol. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 95: 93-104. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00283-8
Barahona Rosales R, Sánchez Pinzon MS. 2005. Limitaciones físicas y químicas de la digestibilidad de pastos tropicales y estrategias para aumentarla. Rev CORPOICA - Ciencia Tecnol Agropec. 6(1):69–82. http://revista.corpoica.org.co/index.php/revista/article/view/39
Barahona R, Lascano CE, Narvaez N, Owen E, Morris P, Theodorou MK. In vitro degradability of mature and immature leaves of tropical forage legumes differing in condensed tannin and non-starch polysaccharide content and composition. J Sci Food Agric 2003; 83: 1256–1266. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.1534
Barahona R, Sánchez S, Lascano CE, Owen E, Morris P, Theodorou MK. 2006. Effect of condensed tannins from tropical legumes on the activity of fibrolytic enzymes from the rumen fungus Neocallimastyx hurleyensis. Enz Microb Technol. 39(2):281–288. DOI:10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.10.011
Beever DE, Mould FL. 2000. Forage Evaluation for Efficient Ruminant Livestock Production. En: Forage Evaluation in ruminant nutrition. CABI Publishing. Wallingford, UK. p. 15–42. http://www.cabi.org/bookshop/book/9780851993447
Blümmel M, Aiple KP, Steingass H, Becker K. 1999. A note on the stoichiometrical relationship of short chain fatty acid production and gas evolution in vitro in feedstuffs of widely differing quality. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 81:157–167. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0396.1999.813205.x
Blümmel M, Steingass H, Becker K. 1994. The partitioning of in vitro fermentation products and its bearing for the prediction of voluntary feed intake. Proc Soc Nutr Physiol. 3:123–127.
Blümmel M, Steingass H, Becker K. 1997. The relationship between in vitro gas production, in vitro microbial biomass and N-15 incorporation and its implications for the prediction of voluntary feed intake of roughages. Br J Nutr. 77:911-921. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/BJN19970089
Cuartas CA, Naranjo JF, Tarazona AM, Murgueitio E, Chará JD, Ku J, Solorio FJ, X Flores MX, Solorio B, Barahona R. 2014. Contribution of intensive silvopastoral systems to the adaptation and mitigation of climate change. Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu. 27:76-94. http://rccp.udea.edu.co/index.php/ojs/article/view/920
Cuartas-Cardona CA, Naranjo-Ramírez JF, Tarazona-Morales AM, Barahona-Rosales R, Rivera JE, Arenas F, Correa G. 2015. Cinética de fermentación in vitro de dietas de sistemas silvopastoriles intensivos. Rev Zoot Trop. 33(3): En prensa.
Fondevila M, Nogueira-Filho JC, Urdaneta AB. 2002. In vitro microbial fermentation and protein utilisation of tropical forage legumes grown during the dry season. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 95:1-14. DOI:10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00315-7
Gaviria X, Naranjo JF, Barahona R. 2015a. Cinética de fermentación in vitro de Leucaena leucocephala y Megathyrsus maximus y sus mezclas, con o sin suplementación energética. Pastos y Forrajes. 38(1):55-63. http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/pyf/v38n1/pyf06115.pdf
Gaviria X, Rivera JE, Barahona R. 2015b. Calidad nutricional y fraccionamiento de carbohidratos y proteína en los componentes forrajeros de un sistema silvopastoril intensivo. Pastos y Forrajes. 38(2):194-201. http://payfo.ihatuey.cu/index.php/pasto/article/view/1838/2667
Gaviria-Uribe X, Naranjo-Ramirez JF, Bolivar-Vergara DM, Barahona-Rosales R. 2015. Consumo y digestibilidad en novillos cebuinos en un sistema silvopastoril intensivo. Arch Zoot, 64(245):21-27. http://www.uco.es/organiza/servicios/publica/az/az.htm
Hungate R. 1966. Rumen and its Microbes. Academic Press, New York, USA, 533 pp.
Hyams DG. 2013. CurveExpert Professional Documentation Release 2.0.0 195 p.
Juárez-Lagunes FI, Fox DG, Blake RW, Pell AN. 1999. Evaluation of tropical grasses for milk production by dual-purpose cows in tropical Mexico. J Dairy Sci. 82(10):2136-2145. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75457-3
Lavrenčič A, Mills CR, Stefanon B. 1998. Application of the Gompertz model to describe the fermentation characteristics of chemical components in forages. Anim Sci. 66:155-161. DOI: 10.1017/S1357729800008924
Leng RA. 1990. Factors affecting the utilization of “poor-quality” forages by ruminants particularly under tropical conditions. Nutr Res Reviews. 3(1):277–303. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/NRR19900016
Makkar HPS. 2000. Applications of the in vitro gas method in the evaluation of feed resources, and enhancement of nutritional value of tannin-rich tree/browse leaves and agro-industrial by-products. Proceedings Meeting IAEA Technical Cooperation Regional AFRA Project. Cairo, Egypt, pp. 23- 40.
Makkar HPS, Blümmel M, Becker K. 1998a. Application of an in vitro gas method to understand the effects of natural plant products on availability and partitioning of nutrients. En: ER Deaville, E Owen, AT Adesogan, C Rymer, JA Huntington, TLJ Lawrence (Eds.) In Vitro Techniques for Measuring Nutrient Supply to Ruminants, BSAS Occasional Publication No. 22:147- 150.
Makkar HPS, Sen S, Blümmel M, Becker K. 1998b. Effects of fractions containing saponins from Yucca schidigera, Quillaja saponaria and Acacia auriculoformis on rumen fermentation. J Agric Food Chem. 46:4324- 4328. DOI: 10.1021/jf980269q
Mbugua DM, Kiruiro EM, Pell AN. 2008. In vitro fermentation of intact and fractionated tropical herbaceous and tree legumes containing tannins and alkaloids. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 146:1–20. DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.11.008
Molina IC, Angarita EA, Mayorga OL, Chará J, Barahona-Rosales, R. 2016. Effect of Leucaena leucocephala on methane production of Lucerna heifers fed a diet based on Cynodon plectostachyus. Livest Sci. 185:24-29.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2016.01.009.
Molina IC, Cantet JM, Montoya S, Correa GA, Barahona R. 2013. Producción de metano in vitro de dos gramíneas tropicales solas y mezcladas con Leucaena leucocephala o Gliricidia sepium. Rev CES Med Vet Zoot. 8: 15-31. http://revistas.ces.edu.co/index.php/mvz/article/view/2677
Murgueitio Restrepo E, Chará Orozco JD, Barahona Rosales R, Cuartas Cardona CA, Naranjo Ramírez JF. 2014. Intensive silvopastoral systems (ISPS). Mitigation and adaptation tool to climate change. Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst. 17(3) 501-507. http://www.veterinaria.uady.mx/ojs/index.php/TSA/article/view/1558
Naranjo JF, Cuartas CA, Murgueitio ER, Chará JD, Barahona R. 2012. Balance de gases de efecto invernadero en sistemas silvopastoriles intensivos con Leucaena leucocephala en Colombia. Livest Res Rural Dev. 24 (8):150. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd24/8/nara24150.htm
Ngamsaeng A, Wanapat M, Khampa S. 2006. Evaluation of local tropical plants by in vitro rumen fermentation and their effects on fermentation end-products. Pakistan J Nutr. 5: 414–418. http://www.pjbs.org/pjnonline/ab525.htm
Rodríguez R, Fondevila M, Castrillo C. 2009. In vitro ruminal fermentation of Pennisetum purpureum CT-115 supplemented with four tropical browse legume species. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 151: 65–74. DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.11.005
Rodríguez R, Mota M, Castrillo C, Fondevila M. 2010. In vitro rumen fermentation of the tropical grass Pennisetum purpureum and mixtures with browse legumes: effects of tannin contents. J Anim Phys Anim Nutr. 94:696-705. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01001.x
SAS. 2001. SAS/STAT: Guide for personal computer. Versión 8.2. SAS Inst., Cary, NY, USA.
Theodorou MK, Williams BA, Dhanoa MS, McAllan ADB, France JA. 1994. Simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 48:185–197. DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(94)90171-6.
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Published
2016-09-09
How to Cite
Naranjo, J. F., Ceballos, O. A., Gaviria, X., Tarazona, A. M., Correa, G. A., Chará, J. D., … Barahona, R. (2016). Study of in vitro fermentation kinetics of mixtures of forages from intensive silvopastoral systems (SSPI) with Leucaena leucocephala in Colombia. CES Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, 11(2), 6–17. Retrieved from https://revistasceseduco.biteca.online/index.php/mvz/article/view/3958
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ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN
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