Gaps for the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia in Medellin, Colombia. Case series
Keywords:
schizofrenia, mental disorders, delayed diagnosis, stigmaAbstract
Introduction: schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that determines the biographical break in the lives of patients and families, and that requires in most cases, the search for specialized medical intervention. Objective: to
analyze the gaps for the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia in Medellín, Colombia. Methodology: case series and brief non-systematic review of the scientific literature. Results: five patients older than 50 years are presented, who, despite having more than 20 years with a serious psychotic disorder, had no treatment and some had not been diagnosed. The result of these gaps for diagnosis and treatment were: severe biographical rupture, deterioration in quality of life, loss of social productivity and worsening of other physical illnesses. Discussion: the circumstances that converge to generate and maintain the
gaps for the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia in these patients are diverse. Schizophrenia is a priority disorder due to prevalence, chronicity, disability, premature
death and the economic burden it generates. Priority is required to implement pragmatic measures to overcome the gaps in schizophrenia.
Downloads
References
Whiteford H A, Degenhardt L, Rehm J. Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: findings from the Global burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2013: 382: 1575-86. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61611-6.
Dziwota E, Stepulak MZ, Woszczak-Szubzda A, Olajossy M. Social functioning and the quality of life of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2018; 25 (1): 50-55. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1233566.
Moreno-Kustner B, Martín C, Almenara J. Revisión crítica de las fuentes de variabilidad en la medición de la prevalencia de esquizofrenia. Salud Mental. 2014; 37: 127-38.
McGrath J, Saha S, Chant D, Welham J. Schizophrenia: A concise Overview of Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality. Epidemiologic Reviews. 2008. 30: 67-76.
Moreno-Küstner B, Martín C, Almenara J. Revisión crítica de las fuentes de variabilidad en la medición de la prevalencia de esquizofrenia. Salud Mental 2014; 37: 127–138.
Moreno-Küstner B, Martín C, Pastor L. Prevalence of psychotic disorders and its association with methodological issues. A systematic review and meta-analyses. PLoS One. 2018. 13 (4): e0195687.
Clement S, Brohan E, Jeffery D, Henderson C, Hatch SL, Thornicroft G. Develop¬ment and psychometric properties the barriers to access to care evaluation scale (BACE) related to people with metal ill health. BMC Psychiatry. 2012; 12: 36. Doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-12-36.
Clement S, Schauman O, Graham T, Maggioni F, Evans-Lacko S, Bezborodovs N, et al. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Psychol Med. 2015 Jan; 45(1):11-27. doi: 10.1017/S0033291714000129
Salaheddin K, Mason B. Identifying barriers to mental health help-seeking among young adults in the UK: a cross-sectional survey. Br J Gen Pract. 2016; 66 (651): e686-92. doi: 10.3399/bjgp16X687313
Saraceno B, van Ommeren M, Batniji R, Cohen MA, Gureje O, Mahoney J, et al. Barriers to improvement of mental health services in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet, 2007, 370(9593):1164-1174. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61263-X
World Health Organization. The World health report: 2001: Mental health: New understanding, new hope.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. DSM-5. Fifth Edition. American Psychiatric Association. p991.
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Ley No. 1616 de 2013. Ley Esperanza. Consultado el 12 de junio de 2017. Disponible en : http://wsp.presidencia.gov.co/Normativa/Leyes/Documents/2013/LEY%201616%20DEL%2021%20DE%20ENERO%20DE%202013.pdf
HUD.gov/U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development of the United States of America. Disponible en www.hud.gov. Consultado el 5 de agosto de 2021.
Ayano G, Tesfaw G, Shumet S. The prevalence of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders among homeless people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry. 2019; 19 (370). doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2361-7.
Saha S, Chant D, Welham J, McGrath J. A systematic review of the prevalence of schizophrenia. PloS Med. 2005; 2(5): e141.
The World Bank. Poor mental health, an obstacle to development in Latin America. The World Bank. 2015. Disponible en: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2015/07/13/bad-mental-health-obstacle-development-latin-america. Consultado el 6 de agosto de 2021.
Organización Panamericana de la Salud. La carga de los trastornos mentales en la Región de las Américas. Washington, D.C.: OPS; 2018.
Berbesi DY, Bareño J. Diagnóstico de Oferta de Servicios en Salud Mental en Municipios de Antioquia (2004, 2006 y 2007). Hacia la promoción de la Salud. 2010; 15 (1): 41-54
Lora A, Kohn R, Levac I, McBain R, Morris J, Saxena S. Service availability and utilization and treatment gap for schizophrenic disorders: a survey in 50 low- and middle-income countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2012; 90 (1): 47-54B. doi: 10.2471/BLT.11.089284.
Bruckner TA, Scheffler RM, Shen G, Yoon J, Chisholm D, Morris J, Fulton BD, Dal Poz MR, Saxena S. Bull World Health Organ. 2011; 89 (3): 184-194. doi: 10.2471/BLT.10.0827849.
Atlas Regional de Salud Mental. Diciembre 2015. Washington, DC: OPS, 2016. ISBN 978-92-75- Consultado el 15 de septiembre de 2017. Disponible en: http://iris.paho.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/28450/9789275319000_spa.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Gutierrez Cárdenas AM, “Acceso a servicios de salud mental en Cali, Colombia: una perspectiva cualitativa” En: Colombia. 2013. Evento: III Encuentro de Investigación y Servicio del Departamento de Atención a la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco Ponencia:Acceso a servicios de salud mental en Cali, Colombia: una perspectiva cualitativa.
Silberstein J, Harvey PD. Impaired introspective accuracy in schizophrenia: an independent predictor of functional outcomes. Cogn Neurospsychiatry. 2019; 24 (1): 28-39. doi: 10.1080/13546805.2018.1549985.
Fiorillo A, Bassi M, Girolamo G, Catapano F, Romeo F. The impact of a psychoeducational intervention on family members´ views about schizophrenia: results from the OASIS italian multi-centre study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2015; 57 (6): 596-603. DOI: 10.1177/0020764010376607.
Salomon JA, Gaagsma JA, Davis A, et al. Disability weights for the Global Burden of Disease 2013 study. Lancet Glob Health. 2015; 3(11): e712-e723. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00069-8.
Organización Panamericana de la Salud. La carga de los trastornos mentales en la Región de las Américas, 2018. Washington, D.C.: OPS; 2018.
Kohn R, Saxena S, Levav I, Saraceno B. The treatment gap in mental health care. Bulletin of the world Health Organization. 2004; 82 (11): 858-66.
Bonadiman CS, Passos VM, Mooney M, Naghavi M, Melo APS. The burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders in Brazil: global Burden of Disease Study, 1990 and 2015. Rev. Bras. Epidemiol. 2017: 20 (Suppl 1): 191-204.
Tejada PA. Situación actual de los trastornos mentales en Colombia y en el mundo: prevalencia, consecuencias y necesidades de intervención. Revista Salud Bosque. 2016; 6(2): 29-40.
Patel V, Chisholm D, Parikh R, Charlson F, Degenhardt L, Dua T, et al. “Global Priorities for Addressing the Burden of Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders”. In: Disease Control Priorities (third edition): Volume 4, Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders, editors: Patel V, Chisholm D, Dua T, Laxminarayan R, Medina M. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 CES Salud Pública
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Cada artículo se acompañará de una declaración en la que se especifique ue los materiales son inéditos, que no han sido publicados anteriormente en formato impreso o electrónico que no se presentarán a ningún otro medio antes de conocer la decisión de la Revista. En todo caso, cualquier publicación anterior, sea en forma impresa o electrónica, deberá darse a conocer a la redacción por escrito. Los autores adjuntarán una declaración firmada indicando que, si el manuscrito se acepta para su publicación, los derechos de reproducción son propiedad exclusiva de la Revista CES Salud Pública.
| Article metrics | |
|---|---|
| Abstract views | |
| Galley vies | |
| PDF Views | |
| HTML views | |
| Other views | |
